Brad I am going to try to say this the best I can,don't always believe everything that you read.
Figures and facts are often two different critters.
I am just using the example of the 7 mag and the 06 in this instance for explanation.
I have killed more than a few elk and deer with both calibers and there is a measurable difference.
The 7 mag wins hands down.
That is if you are comparing apples to apples and not just the most common bullet weights for each.
A 7 mag loaded with a Nosler partition in 175 grain is elk medicine extra ordinare, a 06 with a 180 grain Nosler partition is elk medicine pretty dang good.
The 7 will out penetrate it, will shoot flatter , will take out more major bones in the way , will more likely give you an entrance and an exit, and while giving you more velocity also does this with a bullet of greater sectional density.
Now on deer sized critters the point is mute unless you are taking into consideration the flatter trajectory and better ballistic coefficient of the .284 bullet versus the .308.
I hope you don't take this the wrong way, I have been familiar with the Taylor formula for years and while it makes a certain amount of sense, in other areas it doesent impress me much.
Any time you try to create one formula that covers the entire playing field it is going to be close in some areas and way off in others.
I am sure not going to argue the point under theoretical conditions, I will lose every time.
Instead I am just taking into consideration the effects I have noted and the damage I have traced from both bullets.
We must take into consideration in the field , how far you want to shoot, what you want to shoot , what angle you want to shoot, and do you want to have one hole or two.
For deer and smaller critters it really doesent matter. For elk I want two holes every time if I can get em.
It don't always work no matter what you are shooting , but I deal with the odds, and the odds are the 7 mag is a better round than the 06.
It may not hit harder, but it hits farther and deeper and under some circumstances that means more.