Originally Posted By: ARCOREYOriginally Posted By: CatShooter
Every time you touch the shoulder with a FL or Bump die, you create headspace.
For the rifles that I use for varmints, I prefer a "Crush" feel when I close the bolt - that is a negative headspace, and cases will last forever. I have ~300 pieces of Rem 22-250 that are on their 6th barrel (maybe 10,000-12,000 firings - 40 firings each), and they are as good as when they were first fired.
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To make sure I understand this right because I'm on a new barrel and want to make the most of it and my brass. After fire forming my brass, I should be able to reset my FL dies or neck dies and only decap the brass and flare the mouth and and not even touch the shoulder? I try and keep my neck dies off the shoulder now and set my FL dies per Reddings recommended procedure of camming over on the shell holder. It sounds like I shouldn't ever need my FL die again after I get them fired in my chamber or for my 2 die sets, never need a neck die.
I'm also gauging my trim length with one of the neck pilots from sinclair that you soft seat in a fired case that is trimmed short. My Lapua brass doesn't seem to grow much at all in my 243. I've yet to get it to where I'm close in my old factory barrel or my new barrel of my 243. Am I listening too much to the wives tales crowd about case stretch in a 243, or am I lucky? I'm hitting atleast 5 firings and still not getting to the gauge length on any of my 200 Lapuas and only chamfer and deburred them from day one.
This has been an informative post. Thanks to all the contributors.
The first firing in a new chamber is the most critical time in a case's life - it is where the damage is done (or not done) and determines the rest of case's life.
The case can stretch and be weakened, or it can fill the chamber without stretching, and then last almost forever.
Here's what I DON'T do,
I do not deburr or chamfer - never ever!
I do not use the expander in the sizing die - never!
Here's what I do.
For each serious caliber I get, I have a... :
Forster Ultra die set (FL and Ultra-match seater).
A Redding bushing sizer die (but a regular Forster neck sizer can do - more on that later).
A Lyman "M" die.
Plus, I already have a set (of three) Redding universal decaping dies.
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The first firing in a new chamber is the most critical moment in a cases life. That firing will determine the life of the case.
When a case is fired in a new chamber for the first time, it is a loose fit, and the primer forces it forward and slams it into the chamber's shoulder. At this first firing, there can be as much as 20 thou or more of head space, regardless of what SAAMI says.
When the case is slammed forward, there are two possible outcomes:
1 - when the pressure builds, the case walls expand and grab the chamber walls... then the pressure continues to climb, and the thin section of the case, just in front of the head (called the web) can't hold the pressure anymore, so it stretches - the body is firmly stuck to the chamber walls, and the case head goes back and hits the bolt face. Now we have a case with a thin section just in front of the head - a very badd thing. Now the case is weakened and will never be a good case, even though it may take 4 or 5 firings to fail - it WILL fail, it cannot be fixed.
or
2 - when the pressure builds, the case walls expand and cannot grab the chamber walls.
And, because the chamber and case cannot get a grip on each other, the whole case immediately slides back to the bolt face, and contains the pressure - it does not stretch, and so there is no thin section in front of the web, and it is a strong case forever (or until you screw it up).
Now, if you have a cheap rifle, and use range pick-up brass and don't care, then don't bother to read the rest of this, cuz it's gonna bore the crap out of you...
... but if you are paying top dollar for Lapua or Norma brass, or have a wildcat and are investing time in case prep, then stay on for the rest.
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That is the option on how we start the life of our cases - and with cases costing what they do now, it is worth considering - I have 1,100 Lapua cases for my 6mmBR - at around $800 to $1,000, that's a BIG investment, not counting the countless hours it to neck turn all those damm cases, and then anneal them
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For the first loading (assuming that it is new brass)...
1 - I use the Lyman "M" die to expand the neck and put a "tiny" flair to the mouth. Just enough to allow the bullet to start. Adjust the expander stem to make a small flair - just enough that the bullet will sit there on it's own, and not fall over.
If there is some brass that is uneven at the mouth, or a tiny rim around the mouth, don't worry now, fix it later, after the case has been fired the first time.
I load one case with a bullet - and measure the neck OD - lets say it is a 6mm Rem (cuz that's what I am working on now). The bullet dia is .243, and the neck OD is 0.271". I pack the FL die off to Forster, with a check for $12, and tell them I want the neck diamond honed to 0.268" that is 3 thou smaller than the loaded neck dia - and it comes back in a week
I pull the single bullet, and now I load normal testing sequence (while the dies is on the way to Forster), and shoot it, looking for the usual suspects.
I do NOT beat up the cases - when I see what I think is upper pressure signs for that gun, I quit - I don't keep going, "just to see how high I can go". I pull the ones I don't shoot.
Now, this is important... for the first firing, I give the case a light coat of oil, like G-96 (it smells good). I use a Lyman lube pad, soaked in G-96. Get a little on the shoulder and neck too.
I fire the case, and it fills the chamber without stretching, cuz the case walls cannot grab the chamber walls.
The case slides back firmly against the bolt face, before the pressure has reached maximum. The case will fill out the chamber without stretching. This is a perfect start for the case.
Now, I deprime with the universal decapping die.
At this time, I measure 10 or 15 cases for overall length - I pick the shortest, and if it is less than the maximum SAAMI length, I trim it JUST ENOUGH to clean up the mouth all around - then I trim all the rest the same length. IF it is over SAAMI max, I trim all of them to SAAMI max.
So now, my cases tightly fit the chamber and are as long as then can be and still be within SAAMI.
Now... if I have a bushing neck sizer, I use that. If not, I use my Forster FL die that has just come back and has a custom neck diameter
Now, I neck size the case, JUST the amount that the base will sit in the neck. If the bullet will go to the bottom of the neck, I size the whole neck, if possible... but I do NOT let the die hit the shoulder no matter what, and if it hits the body, I stop there. With a bushing die, there is no worries, and you CAN get a Forster neck die, and have the same custom honing done to it.
So the fired case has been neck sized. Now I use the Lyman "M" die to expand the neck and put a "tiny" flair to the mouth. If the "M" die doesn't flair the mouth anymore, cuz the case has been trimmed, then adjust the die again. Just enough to allow the bullet to start.
So at this point, we have quality cases, that have been made to fit the chamber without stretching or damage, and we have loading stuff to load the cases with the very least amount of disruption of the brass - anneal the mouths and shoulders every so often - 5 to 8 firings, and anneal all the cases at the same time.
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Now... we have shot the crap out of that barrel, and just got a new barrel in the same caliber - what do we do.
Try to chamber a fired case - if it goes in to the chamber and there is a fair amount of effort to close the bolt, then goodie - just load the cases, lube them and shoot them.
But if it is sooo tight that you can't chamber it, then use the FL die.
Here's how to adjust it. Lube the case and start sizing the case in teeny tiny amounts - people talk about turning a die 1/4 of a turn - not here - turn the die 1/40th of a turn, size a case and try to chamber it. If it doesn't go, turn the die down another 1/40th and try with a DIFFERENT case, and try to chamber it - keep doing this until you can get the bolt to close with effort.
Then size all the cases.
Now, you start all over again. Lube the loaded cases on the pad, and fire them... when you fire the tight cases, they will re-form to the new chamber, and then be easier to chamber.
If... the old cases slide into the new chamber without any resistance (the new chamber is larger than the old one), then just lube them and shoot them, they will fill the new chamber, just like they did the first time you fired them, and you can start all over again.
I hope this makes some kinda sense...
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